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Item Open Access EQUITY IN ACCESS TO KAZAKHSTANI HIGHER EDUCATION(СДУ хабаршысы - 2019, 2019) Yenikeyeva A.Abstract. The purpose of this study, which is conducted using document analysis and primary data collectionin order to understand the policy and problems of access and equity in Kazakhstani higher education in terms of financial issues. The absence of adequate financial support is the most major obstacle to accessing the education in Kazakhstan. At the same time higher education instituions are not allowed to raise funds and help students with decreasing the fees.In addition to inequity, the high-income cities of Almaty and Astana usually achieve the highest scores on the UNT. Thus means citizens from reacher parts of Kazakhstan have more access to grants issued by government than poorer regions. The main answer of the question who pays and who should pay for higher education in Kazakhstan is revealed.The aim of this study, which is conducted using document analysis is to understand the policy and problems of access and equity in Kazakhstani higher education in terms of financial issues and unified national test (UNT) which is used to make access more transparent and fair. The absence of adequate financial support is the most major obstacle to accessing the education in Kazakhstan. At the same time higher education instituions are not allowed to raise funds and help students with decreasing the fees.In addition to inequity, the high-income cities of Almaty and Astana usually achieve the highest scores on the UNT. Thus means citizens from reacher parts of Kazakhstan have more access to grants issued by government than poorer regions. Future researches may be divided by financing polices and access to higher education by UNT. Identification the affect of improved version of UNT on access and equity in higher education.Item Open Access Does gender play role in access to debt finance in Kazakhstan?(Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, 2018) Nurgabdeshov A.; Zamanbekov D; Ugur Ch.; Yenikeyeva A.There is a substantial literature on the relationship between gender and access to finance.The purpose of this research paper is to investigate the impact of gender on the usage of different funding sources in a sample of Kazakh small- to medium-sized enterprises. Most studies have been concerned with access to debt finance however this was not done in Kazakhstan in tge scope of used literature.The database includes variables on terms of credit for the firms’ unofficial loans and detailed information on the firms’ banking relationships. The total number of firm-year observations in the database is 56. The analysis is based on multivariate tests. The funding patterns of women-owned enterprises and men-owned enterprises in the data are different. The results also contradict prior studies, which indicate that MOE have easier access to bank lending. The results suggest that there are no gender-related differences in the use of bank debt. But this research accepts the theory that MOE have nore access to unofficial finance. The results of study both confirm and contradict the results of prior research and the paper suggests that this is due to the context-specific features of the Kazakh labour market and the gender system as well as the bank-centered financial markets. Practical implications – concerning the issues of gender and finance, policy makers and financial experts in any country should not uncritically rely on the research results arrived at in other countries.