Sagyndyk A.2026-04-082026-04-082025Sagyndyk A / Improving the conceptual understanding of mathematics by solving real-life problems: a comparative analysis of methods and approaches / SDU University / Faculty of Education and Humanitieshttps://repository.sdu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/2589This study investigates how solving real-life mathematical problems can improve students’ conceptual understanding. A quasi-experimental design was implemented in two Grade 9 classrooms at a Kazakhstani secondary school. While both groups worked with the same real-life performance tasks, the experimental group (9A) engaged with them through rich tasks and the “5 Practices” model (Smith & Stein, 2018), fostering inquiry-based learning and mathematical discourse. The control group (9B) used traditional instruction methods. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through pre-tests, posttests, performance tasks, observations, and reflection journals. Results showed significant improvement in both groups, but the experimental group demonstrated more consistent conceptual growth and deeper reasoning. The study concludes that combining real-life tasks with structured inquiry-based strategies enhances mathematical thinking, supports soft skill development, and contributes to more meaningful learning experiences.enconceptual understandingreal-life problemsmathematics educationThesis